WUC NEWS: Chip

TRACKER CHIPS FOR WELFARE RECIPIENTS

TheWake UpCall 0 Chip, Microchip 8:56 PM

TRACKER CHIPS FOR WELFARE RECIPIENTS

Finnish pol says program would stop recipients from joining ISIS Pasi Maenranta, a member of the nationalist-oriented Finns Party, has sugg...

Could robots soon have brains that function like HUMANS?

TheWake UpCall 0 Chip, Robot 10:51 AM

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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Computer chip that carries out tasks without being asked - and learns from its mistakes - to go on sale </span></h1>
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<li style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The chip can mimic the human ability for perception, action, and thought</span></b></li>
<li style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It will improve everything from navigation to speech, and facial recognition</span></b></li>
<li style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><span id="ext-gen188" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The chip's memory will function as synapses would in the brain, with processors acting as neurons</span></b></li>
<li style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It could also one day create systems that perform better than humans</span></b></li>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Computers are about to enter an age where they can perceive, act and even think for themselves, using a network similar to the human brain.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The likes of Google and Facebook are already using the principles of neuroscience to develop artificial brains that they hope will be able to solve their data issues.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Now, San Diego-based Qualcomm is planning to launch the first ever commercial chip inspired by the human brain.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The chip, currently being developed by a consortium led by IBM in partnership with Qualcomm, is inspired by the human brain using an interconnected, configurable network of ‘neurosynaptic cores.’</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The chip’s memory functions as synapses would in the brain, the processors as neurons and communication as nerve fibres.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These chips attempt to replicate and improve the brain’s ability to respond to biological sensors, analysing vast amounts of data from many sources at once.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The work is part of the Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics (SyNAPSE) project, which originally launched in 2009.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Architectures and programs are closely intertwined and a new architecture necessitates a new programming paradigm,' Dr Dharmendra Modha, IBM’s principal investigator, said earlier this year.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">IBM has also announced a new programming architecture for these chips, allowing developers to design applications once they are released later this year.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">‘While complementing today’s computers, this will bring forth a fundamentally new technological capability in terms of programming and applying emerging learning systems,’ said Dr Modha.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The computers used today were designed decades ago for processing based on steps, set by a pre-defined program.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Although they are fast and precise ‘number crunchers,’ they struggle to deal with real-time processing of the 'noisy, voluminous, big data produced by the world around us.'</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="Illustration of synapse signalling of cells in the central nervous system." class="blkBorder" height="409" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/08/08/article-2386762-1B3318F1000005DC-189_634x409.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" width="634" /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The brain consumes the same amount of power as a 20 watt light and occupies the volume of a two-litre bottle</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In contrast, our brains - which operate comparatively slowly and at low precision - excel at tasks such as recognising, interpreting, and acting upon patterns.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Overall the brain consumes the same amount of power as a 20 watt light bulb and occupies the volume of a two-litre bottle.  </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A computer, meanwhile, uses 99 per cent of its volume for cooling and powering, and only one per cent to process information</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="Eventually, computer scientists want to use the chip to build a system that can mimic the entire brain, using ten billion 'neurons' and a hundred trillion 'synapses'" class="blkBorder img-share" height="427" id="i-96be0e0d" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/01/02/article-2532550-1A62140400000578-85_634x427.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" width="634" /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Eventually, computer scientists want to use the chip to build a system that can mimic the entire brain, using ten billion 'neurons' and a hundred trillion 'synapses'</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The currently project is part of the same research that led to IBM's announcement in 2009 that it had simulated a cat's cerebral cortex, the thinking part of the brain, using a massive supercomputer.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using progressively bigger supercomputers, IBM had previously simulated 40 per cent of a mouse's brain in 2006, a rat's full brain in 2007, and one per cent of a human's cerebral cortex in 2009.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Eventually, computer scientists want to use the chip to build a system that can mimic the entire brain, using ten billion ‘neurons’ and hundred trillion ‘synapses’.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Source:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2532550/Computer-chip-carries-tasks-without-asked-learns-mistakes.html" style="background-color: white;">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2532550/Computer-chip-carries-tasks-without-asked-learns-mistakes.html</a></span></div>

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Could robots soon have brains that function like HUMANS?

Computer chip that carries out tasks without being asked - and learns from its mistakes - to go on sale The chip can mimic the human abi...

New Research Could Lead to Particle Accelerator on a Chip

TheWake UpCall 0 Chip, Microchips, RFID 11:02 AM

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">Scientists from </span><a href="http://www.stanford.edu/" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">Stanford University</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> and the U.S. Department of Energy’s </span><a href="http://www6.slac.stanford.edu/" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> say they’ve developed an innovation that could lead to </span><a href="http://autocww2.colorado.edu/~toldy3/E64ContentFiles/Physics-Mechanics,Etc/ParticleAccelerators.html" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">particle accelerators</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> the size of a computer chip, a development that could have far-reaching implications for science and medicine.</span></span><br />

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</span> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="Particle accelerator on a nanostructured glass chip is smaller than a grain of rice. (Brad Plummer/Stanford University)" src="http://gdb.voanews.com/6934AC6D-2565-46B4-812E-F4B3C5FA8FC5_w640_r1_s.jpg" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px;">Particle accelerator on a nanostructured glass chip is smaller than a grain of rice. (Brad Plummer/Stanford University)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">When many think about a particle accelerator device, they may think of units such as CERN’s </span><a href="http://home.web.cern.ch/about/accelerators/large-hadron-collider" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">Large Hadron Collider (LHC)</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> in Switzerland. The LHC is enormous - a tunnel 27 kilometers in circumference sitting 175 meters underground. </span><a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vnfv/ncurrent/full/nature12664.html#supplementary-information" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">Writing in Nature</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">, the researchers said they used a laser rather than microwaves to accelerate electrons in a nanostructured glass chip smaller than a grain of rice. The scientists said they were able speed up those electrons at a rate 10 times higher than its possible using current conventional technology.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">"We still have a number of challenges before this technology becomes practical for real-world use, but eventually it would substantially reduce the size and cost of future </span><a href="http://www.egglescliffe.org.uk/physics/particles/newfolder/acc1.html" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">high-energy particle colliders</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">for exploring the world of fundamental particles and forces," said Joel England, the SLAC physicist who led the experiments.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">The findings could lead to miniature, compact accelerators as well x-ray devices that could be used in a variety of applications such as security scanning, medical imaging for hospitals, materials science and biology research. The innovation could also lead to medical treatment such as </span><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3473890/" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">particle therapy</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> that uses accelerated protons, neutrons, or positive ions to treat cancer or improve medical care for people injured in combat.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">Not only would the new micro-accelerators be a lot smaller is size, said the scientists, the technology could also be cost effective since commercial lasers could be used and low-cost, mass-production techniques could be employed in building the units.  The researchers think their findings could make way for new generations of </span><a href="http://www.utexas.edu/news/2013/06/20/particle-accelerator-that-can-fit-on-a-tabletop-opens-new-chapter-for-science-research/" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">"tabletop accelerators.”</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">However, the researchers have some fundamental issues they need to address first.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span></span><img alt="The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's linear particle accelerator consists of 3.22 kilometers of copper cavities. (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)" border="0" class="photo" height="362" src="http://gdb.voanews.com/E17B69CD-1B0D-4E16-92AA-80A69BEACF1F_w268_r1.jpg" style="border: 0px none; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" width="640" /><span class="imageCaption" style="clear: both; color: #666666; display: block; font-size: 10px; line-height: 13px; margin-top: -6px; padding-bottom: 12px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's linear particle accelerator consists of 3.22 kilometers of copper cavities. (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">In order to create a real tabletop accelerator, the scientists say they will first need to come up with a much more compact device to get those electrons up to light-speed before they enter a small accelerator.</span></span><br />

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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">To conduct their “accelerator-on-a-chip” experiments, the scientists first had to speed up electrons to near the</span><a href="http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_gp_sl.html" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">speed of light</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> by using a conventional accelerator such as SLAC's 3.22 kilometer-long </span><a href="http://www.slac.stanford.edu/gen/grad/GradHandbook/slac.html" style="background-color: white; color: #132fbe; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; text-decoration: none;">linear accelerator</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"> in California.  After getting up to light-speed, the electrons were then focused into a tiny channel within a glass chip that’s only about a half-micron-high and a half millimeter long in size.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">By </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #717070; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 15px;">Rick Pantaleo</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">Source: </span><a href="http://www.voanews.com/content/new-research-could-lead-to-particle-accelerator-on-a-chip/1760104.html?utm_content=wall-post&utm_campaign=en&utm_source=voice-of-america&utm_medium=facebook">http://www.voanews.com/content/new-research-could-lead-to-particle-accelerator-on-a-chip/1760104.html?utm_content=wall-post&utm_campaign=en&utm_source=voice-of-america&utm_medium=facebook</a></span> <br />
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New Research Could Lead to Particle Accelerator on a Chip

Scientists from Stanford University and the U.S. Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory say they’ve developed an in...

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TRACKER CHIPS FOR WELFARE RECIPIENTS

Could robots soon have brains that function like HUMANS?

New Research Could Lead to Particle Accelerator on a Chip

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